在 Apache 中加入 SSL

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2013-10-21,
上傳者: Kuann Hung,
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如果要讓自己的網站支援 SSL 的話，就要在 Apache 設定中加上 SSL 的設定。關於 SSL 憑證可以用申請的，也可以用自己建立的。
以下將針對 "自行產生" SSL 憑證說明。（請先想好自己要用的密碼喔！）

先產生 SSL (2048bit)

#openssl genrsa -des3 -out ssl/ca.key 2048 openssl genrsa -des3 -out ssl/ca.key 2048
#openssl req -config openssl.cnf -new -key ssl/ca.key -out ssl/ca.csr

Enter pass phrase for ssl/ca.key:
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [GB]:TW
State or Province Name (full name) [Berkshire]:Taiwan
Locality Name (eg, city) [Newbury]:Taipei
Organization Name (eg, company) [My Company Ltd]:Your Company
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Your OU
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.example.com
Email Address []:admin@example.com
&nbsp;
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:yourpassword
An optional company name []:

# openssl x509 -days 3650 -req -signkey ssl/ca.key -in ssl/ca.csr -out ssl/ca.crt
# openssl genrsa -out ssl/server.key 2048
# openssl req -config openssl.cnf -new -key ssl/server.key -out ssl/server.csr

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [GB]:TW
TaiState or Province Name (full name) [Berkshire]:Taiwan
Locality Name (eg, city) [Newbury]:Taipei
Organization Name (eg, company) [My Company Ltd]:Your Company
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Your OU
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.example.com
Email Address []:admin@example.com
 
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:yourpassword
An optional company name []:

# openssl ca -config openssl.cnf -days 3650 -cert ssl/ca.crt -keyfile ssl/ca.key -in ssl/server.csr -out ssl/server.crt
# openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in ssl/server.csr -signkey ssl/server.key -out ssl/server.cert

記得要把產生的檔案都放到 /etc/httpd/conf/ 下面。

最後就是在 httpd.conf 中，你所要用到的 virtual domain 中加上：

SSLEngine On
SSLCertificateFile conf/ssl/server.cert
SSLCertificateKeyFile conf/ssl/server.key
SSLCertificateChainFile conf/ssl/ca.crt

除此之外，為了提高安全性，要停用 SSLv2, SSLv3, 只保留 TLS

先產生 Diffie Hellman 參數

openssl dhparam -out dhparam.pem 4096

然後是增加以下設定

SSLProtocol All -SSLv2 -SSLv3
SSLCipherSuite ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA
SSLHonorCipherOrder     on
# for apache 2.4.x
# SSLOpenSSLConfCmd DHParameters dhparams.pem